Discovering Lithuania: A Journey Through Travel and Cuisine
Lithuania, the southernmost of the Baltic countries, is a captivating destination that blends a rich history with modern energy, stunning natural landscapes, and a unique culinary tradition. Despite its small size, Lithuania offers an array of experiences for travelers, from its medieval cities and serene lakes to its hearty and comforting cuisine. Whether you're walking through the cobbled streets of Vilnius, exploring the misty Curonian Spit, or enjoying a countryside feast of traditional Lithuanian food, this Baltic gem has much to offer.
In this blog, we will dive into the must-see sights of Lithuania and the delicious foods you should try along the way, offering a complete guide to travel and eating in this beautiful and often overlooked country.
1. Vilnius: The Heart of Lithuania
The capital city of Lithuania, Vilnius, is a vibrant, historic city known for its Baroque architecture, UNESCO-listed Old Town, and cosmopolitan vibe. As the cultural and political hub of the country, Vilnius is the ideal starting point for any Lithuanian adventure.
Exploring Vilnius
Begin your exploration in Vilnius Old Town, one of the largest surviving medieval towns in Europe. Stroll through narrow cobblestone streets, where each corner reveals something new—charming churches, hidden courtyards, and colorful townhouses. The iconic Gediminas' Tower, perched atop a hill, offers panoramic views of the city and the Neris River below.
Next, visit Vilnius Cathedral in Cathedral Square, a Neoclassical marvel with a history dating back to the 13th century. Just behind the cathedral, you'll find the Palace of the Grand Dukes, a restored palace that now serves as a museum showcasing Lithuania's grand duchy past.
Don't miss the Gates of Dawn, a sacred site for both Lithuanians and Poles, where a chapel houses a revered icon of the Virgin Mary. From here, take a leisurely walk to Užupis, a bohemian neighborhood that declared itself an independent republic. Known for its art galleries, quirky cafes, and a laid-back atmosphere, Užupis is a must-visit for those interested in Vilnius' creative side.
Eating in Vilnius: A Culinary Journey
Vilnius is also home to a burgeoning food scene, with restaurants offering both traditional Lithuanian dishes and modern, creative interpretations of Baltic cuisine.
One classic Lithuanian dish you must try is cepelinai, the national dish. These large potato dumplings are typically filled with minced meat or curd cheese and served with a rich sauce made of sour cream and bacon. It's a hearty meal, perfect after a day of exploring.
Another favorite is kibinai, a pastry filled with meat, mushrooms, or vegetables, traditionally enjoyed by the Karaim community, an ethnic minority in Lithuania. You can find some of the best kibinai in Trakai, a short day trip from Vilnius, where the Karaim have lived for centuries.
For a lighter meal, try šaltibarščiai, a bright pink cold beetroot soup made with kefir and dill, often served with boiled potatoes on the side. This refreshing soup is particularly popular in the summer and is a staple of Lithuanian cuisine.
End your meal with šakotis, a traditional Lithuanian tree cake made from dough that's slowly cooked on a rotating spit. The cake is often served at weddings and special occasions but can also be found in cafes and pastry shops throughout the country.
2. Trakai: A Fairytale Island Castle
Just 30 kilometers from Vilnius lies the picturesque town of Trakai, famous for its stunning island castle and tranquil lakes. Trakai is a popular day trip destination for both locals and tourists, offering a combination of history, natural beauty, and delicious food.
Exploring Trakai Castle
Trakai Castle, located on an island in Lake Galvė, is one of Lithuania’s most iconic landmarks. Built in the 14th century, this red-brick Gothic castle served as the residence of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania and played a key role in the country's defense against the Teutonic Knights. Today, the castle houses a museum that showcases medieval armor, artifacts, and exhibitions about the history of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
After exploring the castle, take a boat ride on Lake Galvė or rent a paddleboard to enjoy the serene views of the surrounding landscape. The calm waters and lush forests make Trakai a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of Vilnius.
Eating in Trakai: Karaim Cuisine
Trakai is also known for its Karaim community, a Turkic-speaking ethnic group brought to Lithuania in the 14th century. One of the most beloved dishes of Karaim cuisine is kibinai, which we mentioned earlier. These pastries, filled with lamb, beef, or vegetable stuffing, are a must-try when visiting Trakai.
In addition to kibinai, you can try šimtalapis, a layered pastry made with poppy seeds, honey, and nuts. This sweet treat is rich and decadent, making it the perfect way to end your meal in Trakai.
3. The Curonian Spit: Lithuania’s Natural Wonderland
If you’re a nature lover, the Curonian Spit is a destination you simply can’t miss. This narrow strip of land, stretching between the Curonian Lagoon and the Baltic Sea, is home to some of the most stunning natural scenery in Lithuania, with sand dunes, pine forests, and picturesque fishing villages.
Exploring the Curonian Spit
The Curonian Spit is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its unique landscapes and biodiversity. One of the most popular activities here is hiking through the Parnidis Dune, one of the highest sand dunes in Europe. From the top, you’ll have panoramic views of the spit and the surrounding waters.
Another highlight of the Curonian Spit is the Hill of Witches in Juodkrantė, a collection of wooden sculptures depicting characters from Lithuanian folklore. As you walk along the forested paths, you’ll encounter mythical creatures, witches, and devils carved from wood, creating a magical and slightly eerie atmosphere.
The small town of Nida, located at the southern end of the spit, is a charming fishing village with brightly colored houses, cozy cafes, and a relaxed vibe. Nida has long been a favorite summer retreat for Lithuanian artists and writers, and its laid-back atmosphere makes it the perfect place to unwind.
Eating on the Curonian Spit
When it comes to food on the Curonian Spit, seafood is the star of the show. Freshly caught fish, particularly smoked eel and smoked herring, are local specialties that you’ll find in many restaurants and cafes.
For a traditional Lithuanian meal, try žuvienė, a fish soup made with local varieties of fish, potatoes, and dill. This simple but flavorful soup is perfect after a long day of exploring the dunes and forests of the spit.
4. Kaunas: Lithuania’s Second City
Lithuania’s second-largest city, Kaunas, is a dynamic and culturally rich destination that combines its medieval history with a thriving arts scene. Known for its interwar architecture and vibrant street art, Kaunas is a city that’s full of surprises.
Exploring Kaunas
Start your visit at Kaunas Castle, a medieval fortress located at the confluence of the Nemunas and Neris rivers. While only a small portion of the original castle remains, it’s a fascinating place to explore and offers great views of the surrounding area.
Kaunas is also home to a remarkable collection of interwar architecture, which earned the city the title of European Capital of Culture 2022. Take a walk down Laisvės Alėja, a pedestrian street lined with cafes, shops, and historical buildings, including the Church of St. Michael the Archangel.
For art lovers, the M. K. Čiurlionis National Museum of Art is a must-visit. Named after Lithuania’s most famous artist and composer, the museum houses an extensive collection of Čiurlionis’ works, as well as pieces by other prominent Lithuanian artists.
Eating in Kaunas: Traditional and Modern
Kaunas offers a mix of traditional Lithuanian cuisine and modern gastronomy. One dish you shouldn’t miss is balandėliai, cabbage rolls stuffed with a mixture of minced meat and rice, often served with a tangy tomato sauce and sour cream.
Another Kaunas favorite is vėdarai, sausages made from grated potatoes and filled with pork fat or bacon, then baked until crispy. It’s a rich and flavorful dish that’s perfect for those seeking something hearty.
For dessert, try skruzdėlynas, a sweet, crispy pastry made of dough strips stacked into a pyramid shape and drizzled with honey and poppy seeds. This light yet indulgent dessert is a common treat at Lithuanian celebrations and can be found in bakeries across the city.
5. Lithuania’s Hidden Gem: The Hill of Crosses
Located near the town of Šiauliai, the Hill of Crosses is one of Lithuania’s most unique and spiritual sites. This pilgrimage site is covered with over 100,000 crosses, rosaries, and religious statues, left by visitors from all over the world. The origins of the hill are unclear, but it has become a symbol of faith, resistance, and national identity for Lithuanians, especially during the Soviet era.
Visitors can walk among the crosses, leave their own, and reflect on the powerful history and symbolism of this sacred place. It’s an awe-inspiring and moving experience that offers a glimpse into Lithuania’s deep-rooted religious and cultural traditions.
Eating in Šiauliai
While in Šiauliai, be sure to try bandelės, small, sweet buns filled with jam, poppy seeds, or curd cheese. These are a popular snack in Lithuania and can be found in bakeries and cafes throughout the city.
If you're looking for a more substantial meal, try kepta duona, fried rye bread sticks served with garlic and cheese sauce. This is a beloved Lithuanian snack, often enjoyed with a cold glass of Lithuanian beer, which has a long brewing tradition in the country.
Practical Tips for Traveling in Lithuania
Currency: Lithuania uses the euro (EUR) as its official currency. Credit cards are widely accepted, but it’s always a good idea to have some cash on hand, especially in rural areas.Language: The official language is Lithuanian, but many people, especially in cities, speak English, particularly younger generations.
Transportation: Lithuania has a reliable public transportation system, with buses and trains connecting major cities and towns. Car rentals are recommended if you want to explore more remote areas.
Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit Lithuania is during the late spring and summer months (May to September), when the weather is mild, and outdoor activities are in full swing.
Conclusion: Lithuania, A Perfect Blend of Culture and Comfort Food
Lithuania may be small, but it offers a wealth of experiences for travelers looking for a destination rich in history, natural beauty, and culinary delights. Whether you’re exploring the vibrant streets of Vilnius, marveling at the Curonian Spit, or savoring a plate of cepelinai in a local restaurant, Lithuania has something to offer every type of traveler.
From its historic landmarks and cultural traditions to its hearty, comforting cuisine, Lithuania is a hidden gem just waiting to be discovered. Whether you're visiting for a weekend or a longer stay, you’ll leave with lasting memories of this fascinating Baltic country.